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The Mystery Of A Traitor -《易中天品三国(三) 奸雄之谜》 Yi Zhongtian's Comment on The Romance of the Three Kingdoms

※他曾经叱咤风云,他死后骂名最多。在历史的记载中他挟天子以令诸侯,在乱世中平定四方,人们称他“奸雄”,他是奸雄吗?他“奸”在哪里,又“雄”在哪里?《易中天品三国之奸雄之谜》即将播出,敬请关注。

※ He used to dominate the world, and after his death, he was the most notorious. In historical records, he coerced the Son of Heaven to order princes, calming the four corners in troubled times, and people called him a “traitor”. Is he a traitor? Where is his “traitor” and where is his “male”? “Yi Zhong Tian Pin: The Mystery of the Traitor of the Three Kingdoms” will be broadcast soon. Please pay attention.

※在上一集中,易中天先生分析了曹操的多重性格,认为性格复杂的曹操是一个肚量很大的人,有海纳百川的胸怀和气魄,这体现了曹操的大气和本色。但是据史书记载,曹操在小时候游手好闲,喜欢胡作非为,这样的人长大了为什么会有出息?曹操又为什么被称为奸雄?对于曹操是乱世奸雄的说法,易中天先生的看法是什么呢?他是怎样分析和评价的呢?

※ In the previous episode, Mr. Yi Zhongtian analyzed Cao Cao’s multiple personalities and believed that Cao Cao, who had a complex personality, was a person with a large stomach and a mind and spirit that embraced all rivers, which reflected Cao Cao’s atmosphere and nature. But according to historical records, when Cao Cao was a child, he loafed around and liked to act recklessly. Why did such a person grow up to be successful? Why is Cao Cao called a traitor? What is Mr. Yi Zhongtian’s opinion on the statement that Cao Cao is a traitor in troubled times? How did he analyze and evaluate it?

易中天:

今天我们继续讲曹操,在上一集我们提出了一个观点,就是曹操是可爱的奸雄,是不是这样呢?我们先来说“奸雄”,再来看“可爱”。

Yi Zhongtian:
Today, we continue to talk about Cao Cao. In the previous episode, we proposed a viewpoint that Cao Cao is a cute traitor, isn’t it? Let’s talk about “traitor” first, and then look at “cute”.

什么叫奸雄?“奸雄”这个概念包括了两个内容,就是奸和雄,只有那些又奸又雄的人才能够叫做英雄。比如像明朝的奸臣严嵩,鬼鬼祟祟,偷偷摸摸,使用的是阴柔手段,奸而不雄,这个只能叫奸贼;如果像东汉末年的董桌那样,横行霸道,专横跋扈,雄而不奸,使用的是暴力手段,那只能叫枭雄。枭雄就是强硬而又有野心的人物,奸贼就是奸猾而又有贼心的人物,奸雄是奸诈而又有雄心的人物,那么曹操是不是这样的人呢?是。

What is a traitor? The concept of “traitor” includes two elements, namely, traitor and hero. Only those who are both traitor and hero can be called heroes. For example, Yan Song, the treacherous minister of the Ming Dynasty, was furtive and furtive, using yin and soft means, treacherous but not masculine. This can only be called a traitor; If, like Dong Table in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, they were tyrannical, domineering, domineering, and using violent means, they could only be called Xiao Xiong. Xiaoxiong is a tough and ambitious person, a traitor is a cunning and thievish person, and a traitor is a cunning and ambitious person. Is Cao Cao such a person? Yes.

曹操这个人从小就奸猾。曹操的家庭出身是不太好的,史书上的说法说他是相国曹参之后,这是胡说,为什么呢?因为曹操的父亲叫曹嵩,曹嵩是什么人呢?是太监曹滕的养子,太监是不生孩子的,曹嵩是养子而非生子,那么我们即便考证出曹腾的祖上是西汉初年的相国曹参,跟曹操有什么关系?而且在东汉末年我们知道,“乱国者宦官也”,那么一个宦官的养子的儿子,在当时的上流社会是没有地位的,人家是看不起的,认为这是一个孽种。所以曹操的出身是不好的。

Cao Cao has been cunning since childhood. Cao Cao’s family background is not very good. According to historical records, he is the descendant of the Prime Minister Cao Shen. This is nonsense. Why? Because Cao Cao’s father is called Cao Song, who is Cao Song? Is the adopted son of eunuch Cao Teng, who does not have children, and Cao Song is an adopted son rather than a child, so even if we prove that Cao Teng’s ancestor was Cao Shen, the prime minister of the early Western Han Dynasty, what is the relationship with Cao Cao? Moreover, in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, we knew that “the eunuch who messed with the country”, the son of an eunuch’s adopted son, had no status in the upper class society at that time, and was looked down upon by others as a sin. Therefore, the origin of Cao Cao is not good.

当然家境很好,因为他的这个养祖父和他的父亲都在朝廷中做官,家境好,而出身门第应该说不好。曹操小时候受的教育也不好,曹操后来有一首诗回忆自己的童年,“既无三徙教,不闻过庭语”。什么叫“三徙教”呢?三徙教就是大家都熟悉的孟母择邻的故事,孟子的母亲为了给自己的儿子有一个好的教育环境,三次搬家,叫做三徙,所以孟子母亲的这种教育叫做三徙教,曹操说这个事儿我们家是没有的;“不闻过庭语”是什么意思呢?讲的是孔子和他儿子孔鲤的故事,说有一天孔子站在庭院里,他的儿子孔鲤“趋而过庭”,什么叫“趋”呢,“趋”就是小步快走,是表示恭敬的动作,在上级面前、在长辈面前你走路要“趋”,低着头,很快很快地这样走过去,这叫“趋”。那么孔鲤看见父亲孔子站在庭院里面,于是低着头“趋”,孔子说站住,学诗了吗?没有。不学诗何以言,你不学诗你怎么会说话?是,退而学诗。又一天,孔子又站在庭院里,孔鲤又“趋而过庭”,孔子说,站住,学礼了吗?还没有。不学礼何以立,不学礼你怎么做人?是,退而学礼。这个故事就叫做“过庭语”,也叫“庭训”,父亲对儿子的教育在古代就叫“庭训”。曹操说这个事情我们家也是没有的。所以家教不好。

Of course, his family is very good, because both his adoptive grandfather and his father are officials in the imperial court. Their family is good, but their origins should not be considered good. “Cao Cao’s education as a child was also poor. Later, Cao Cao wrote a poem recalling his childhood, saying, ‘I have neither been taught three times nor heard the court language.'”. What is “three migration education”? “Three Movements” is a familiar story about Mencius’ mother choosing a neighbor. Mencius’ mother moved three times to provide a good educational environment for her son, which is called “Three Movements”. Therefore, Mencius’ mother’s education is called “Three Movements”, which Cao Cao said is not available in our family; What does “not smell court language” mean? The story is about Confucius and his son Kong Li. It is said that one day Confucius stood in the courtyard, and his son Kong Li “hastened across the court.” What is the meaning of “hastening”? “Hastening” means taking small steps and walking quickly, which is a respectful gesture. When walking in front of superiors and elders, you should “hasten”, bow your head, and quickly walk past in this way, which is called “hastening”. “So Kong Li saw his father Confucius standing in the courtyard, so he lowered his head and” tended. “Confucius said, ‘Stop and learn poetry?'”? No, How can you speak without learning poetry? How can you speak without learning poetry? Yes, I retired to poetry. “Another day, Confucius stood in the courtyard again, and the Kong carp” hastened across the court. “Confucius said, ‘Stop, have you learned etiquette?'”? Not yet. How can you stand up without learning etiquette? How can you be a person without learning etiquette? Yes, I retired to learn etiquette. This story is called “Guo Ting Yu”, also known as “court training”. The father’s education of his son was called “court training” in ancient times. Cao Cao said that our family also does not have this matter. So tutoring is not good.

曹操出身不好,家教不好,小时候的表现也不好。喜欢什么呢?飞鹰走狗,四处游荡,不务正业,游手好闲,和一群纨绔子弟胡作非为。那他的纨绔子弟的朋友有袁绍,有张邈,都是些高干子弟了,这些人当中就数曹操的坏主意和鬼点子最多。大概当时也是闹得不太像话,于是曹操有个叔叔就跟他父亲说,说你这个儿子实在是调皮捣蛋,不守规矩,管教管教。曹操的父亲就来管教他,曹操就对他叔叔有意见,他就想了一个歪主意,有一天他叔叔走过来以后,曹操马上把嘴巴一歪,叔叔说你怎么了?中风了。叔叔一看很紧张,马上向他父亲报告说你儿子中风了,你快看看。曹操的父亲过来以后,曹操非常正常。他说你不是中风了吗?谁中风了,谁说我中风了,没中风啊,谁说的?你叔叔说的啊,你叔叔说你中风了。爸,我叔不喜欢我,看见我就烦,他说我中风爸你能相信吗?曹操的爸爸从此不相信他的叔叔。

Cao Cao had a bad background, a bad tutor, and a bad performance as a child. What do you like? Flying eagles and running dogs roam around, do not engage in serious work, idle about, and engage in mischief with a group of dandies. His dandy friends include Yuan Shao and Zhang Miao, all of whom are highly capable children. Among these people, Cao Cao has the most bad ideas and devilish ideas. “Perhaps it was not quite decent at that time, so an uncle of Cao Cao told his father that your son was really naughty and disorderly, and he did not obey the rules and discipline himself.”. “Cao Cao’s father came to discipline him, and Cao Cao had a problem with his uncle. He came up with a bad idea. One day when his uncle came over, Cao Cao immediately tilted his mouth, and his uncle said what was wrong with you?”? I have a stroke. Uncle looked very nervous and immediately reported to his father that your son had a stroke. Please take a look. After Cao Cao’s father came over, Cao Cao was very normal. Didn’t he say you had a stroke? Who has a stroke, who said I have a stroke, no stroke, who said? Your uncle said it. Your uncle said you had a stroke. Dad, my uncle doesn’t like me, and it annoys me when he sees me. He says I have a stroke, Dad. Can you believe it? Cao Cao’s father never trusted his uncle.

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